There are quite a few online poker sites that have stood the test of time and have endured for decades. However, there are many more that have, for one reason or another, had to close their doors in defeat.
While most of the pages on ProfessionalRakeback are dedicated to the best and most appealing online poker rooms that are active today, this article is devoted to taking a look back at rooms that are no longer around. We have decided to compile as comprehensive a list as possible of failed poker sites – good, bad, and indifferent.
List of Failed Poker Sites | |||
---|---|---|---|
POKER SITE | DATE OPENED | DATE CLOSED | WHY SITE FAILED |
Absolute Poker | 2003 | May 2011 | Why Absolute Poker Failed |
Blockchain.Poker | Oct. 2016 | Dec 2022 | Why Blockchain.poker Failed |
Bodog88 | 2009 | Sept. 2020 | Why Bodog88 Failed |
Bugsy's Club | 2003 | March 2009 | Why Bugsy's Club Failed |
Delta Poker Club | Nov. 1998 | 2008 | Why Delta Poker Club Failed |
Doyle's Room | 2004 | 2011 | Why Doyle's Room Failed |
Fair Poker | May 2019 | March 2022 | Why Fair Poker Failed |
GamesGrid | 2005 | April 2008 | Why GamesGrid Failed |
Jao Poker | 2017 | Feb. 2018 | Why Jao Poker Failed |
Lock Poker | Oct. 2008 | April 2015 | Why Lock Poker Failed |
Optimus Poker | 2008 | May 2013 | Why Optimus Poker Failed |
PKR | 2006 | May 2017 | Why PKR Failed |
Planet Poker | Jan. 1998 | 2007 | Why Planet Poker Failed |
Poker Mania | 2013 | Dec. 2017 | Why Poker Mania Failed |
Poker Mountain | Feb. 2005 | 2006 | Why Poker Mountain Failed |
PokerHost | 2005 | July 2018 | Why PokerHost Failed |
Poker Plex | 2003 | 2018 | Why Poker Plex Failed |
PokerSpot | May 2000 | Nov. 2001 | Why PokerSpot Failed |
Reefer Poker | Feb. 2008 | April 2011 | Why Reefer Poker Failed |
RPM Poker | 2008 | Dec. 2012 | Why RPM Poker Failed |
Satoshi Poker | April 2013 | April 2014 | Why Satoshi Poker Failed |
Swank Poker | June 2008 | 2013 | Why Swank Poker Failed |
Third Bullet Poker | 2006 | Nov. 2009 | Why Third Bullet Poker Failed |
TonyBet Poker | Dec. 2013 | July 2020 | Why TonyBet Poker Failed |
Ultimate Bet | 2001 | May 2011 | Why Ultimate Bet Failed |
Victoria's Poker | May 2003 | Aug. 2005 | Why Victoria's Poker Failed |
Online poker sites go out of business for any number of reasons.
Sometimes, they're undercapitalized and come to market without a solid strategy for attracting new players. In other cases, successful operators are buffeted by unexpected legal or payment processing challenges, which end up spelling their doom.
Occasionally, formerly popular rooms start to fall behind their competitors in game selection and software. When this happens, market share tends to flow toward more nimble and innovative organizations to the detriment of companies that fail to adjust, leading to market consolidation (i.e., the failure of firms that are unable to keep up).
Every once in a while, changes in ownership result in a poker product that lacks the full support of the new owners. They may elect to quietly discontinue the poker room.
Finally, a poker site may be an exit scam whereby the principals of the firm have decided on purpose to deceive their customers and abscond with their money. This is not exactly a common occurrence although it has occurred from time to time.
Many defunct poker sites are bought over by other operators that fold the shuttered poker site's players and balances into their own platform. Others plan and execute a deliberate shutdown procedure, giving users a certain timeframe in which to claim their balances.
Least common are those online poker rooms that simply vanish into the night, taking their customers' money with them. Although rare, such instances tend to garner a disproportionate share of attention from the poker community and the press because emotions run high when everyone's money is stolen.
If you have experienced the closure of your favorite poker room, then you might be searching for a replacement. Fortunately, we have identified the best offshore poker rooms for Americans, and you can learn more about them in this comprehensive USA online poker guide.
Below, we have provided a list of bygone internet poker rooms along with a brief description of when they were active and why they failed. This is by no means an exhaustive tally; we're continuously expanding this section as we research more information about historical poker sites.
Absolute was one of the largest online poker sites available to Americans up until Black Friday in April 2011 despite being at the center of a major cheating scandal in late 2007. First opening its doors in 2003 as a standalone site, Absolute merged with fellow shady poker room UltimateBet in 2008 to create the Cereus Poker Network.
Black Friday proved to be the downfall of Absolute because it was one of the sites targeted by the Feds. The room was unable to pay its players, and it closed its doors for good in May 2011. Customers were eventually able to claim their balances years later through a remissions program overseen by the Department of Justice.
Blockchain Poker was a web-based, crypto-only poker site that launched for beta in October 2016. It experienced steady, if slow, growth and exited beta in April 2019. Over time, a lot of cool new features were implemented, like allowing users to create their own cash games and tournaments, support for more cryptos, and customizable betting buttons.
Unexpectedly, on Dec. 8, 2022, the lead developer for the project announced that the site was shutting down on Dec. 12. The only reason given was that “we feel we have accomplished our goal” of having “an impact on the adoption of Bitcoin as it's used in the world.” As far as we know, all player balances were faithfully paid out.
Bodog88 was an offshoot of the respected Bodog brand. It was initiated in 2009 to capitalize on the expanding Asian gambling market. This organization accepted local currencies, like Japanese yen and Thai baht, in addition to U.S. dollar. The poker room was a partner of first Bodog then Bovada and Ignition on the PWL Network.
In September 2020, Bodog 88 (also known as Bodog Asia) revealed that it was shutting down “out of respect for local restrictions.” While this verbiage is rather unclear, it's likely that gambling crackdowns in China and neighboring countries were responsible. All users were able to withdraw their money without issue.
Bugsy's Club was founded in 2003 as an adjunct to Poker School Online, one of the first poker coaching websites. Renowned for the quality of its tournaments, which were deepstacked and featured then-rare antes, Bugsy's Club struggled to maintain cash game liquidity. The fact that it took a rake from pots that ended before the flop didn't help.
The room stagnated over the years, and the software hadn't been improved much since its launch. In March 2009, Bugsy's Club stopped dealing cards. PokerStars reached an agreement to transfer over all users' balances although they were still subject to a playthrough requirement before making a cashout.
Delta Poker Club was one of the first internet poker rooms to appear, dating all the way back to November 1998. It prided itself on its personal touch, maintaining a small, club-like feel with friendly regulars. Unfortunately, it never achieved the critical mass needed to succeed long-term, and it left the market in 2008.
After six years as an independent room, Delta moved first to the You Poker Network in 2004 and then the MyPoker Network in 2005 before heading to Ongame and then closing altogether. We were unable to find any record of whether or not this room finally paid outstanding balances when it stopped doing business.
Backed by “The Godfather of Poker” himself, Doyle Brunson, Doyle's Room opened in 2004 on the Tribeca Poker Network. Despite boasting a team that included, at various points, not only Doyle himself but also Mike Caro, Barry Greenstein, Chris Moorman, and Pamela Anderson (yes, THAT Pamela Anderson), the site never became more than a niche operation.
Its networks kept booting U.S. players, prompting Doyle's Room to move to Microgaming in 2008, the Cake Network in 2009, and Yatahay in 2011. After Black Friday, Doyle disassociated himself from the site, and its future appeared questionable. However, the Winning Poker Network bailed it out, changed its name to Americas Cardroom, and made all players whole.
Fair Poker was a Bitcoin-only online cardroom that was proud of its provably fair shuffling algorithms, which meant that users didn't have to trust in a centralized server but could verify for themselves that the deal was fair. It opened for business in May 2019 and didn't require any ID or personal verification from prospective players.
Unfortunately, Fair Poker was not able to grow a sustainable user base. Most players either didn't care about or couldn't understand the provably fair system, so this site was basically just another upstart BTC room with little to distinguish itself. Fair Poker closed on March 30, 2022 after giving users several weeks notice to withdraw their funds.
GamesGrid was already an experienced backgammon provider since 1996 before deciding to dabble in the burgeoning world of online poker by opening a cardroom in 2005. It used a bespoke poker client from Cyberarts and was never able to attract a sustainable level of traffic despite aggressive promos like a 1,000% up to $5,000 deposit bonus.
The passage of the UIGEA led to the decision to stop serving the United States in February 2007. This had an understandable negative impact on traffic levels, and the site elected to shut down altogether, including the backgammon division, which it did in April 2008. All players were paid their balances owed in a timely manner.
When Jao Poker first appeared on the scene in early 2017 as a U.S.-friendly online poker site based in Cambodia and accepting PayPal transactions, members of the poker community were quick to point out the numerous red flags inherent in this organization. Few were shocked then when it shut down in February 2018.
Jao relied upon a sketchy affiliate model whereby would-be affiliates had to pay $250 upfront for the privilege of representing the room. This displayed all the hallmarks of a classic MLM scheme. Not only did Jao Poker fail after just a year in operation, but it also took all user funds with it when it closed its doors.
Lock Poker opened for business in October 2008 and made a big marketing push, allowing it to become one of the most prominent U.S. offshore poker sites within a few years. However, its overly generous promotions ran afoul of network rules, and it didn't make many friends by poaching users from its sister sites either.
After being kicked from several networks, Lock decided to start its own network in 2013. By that time, cashout delays of sometimes longer than a year and lies from management had already set alarm bells ringing in the minds of customers. Lock finally threw in the towel in April 2015, owing customers an estimated $15 million.
Optimus Poker was a site on the Merge Poker Network that popped up near the end of 2008. It advertised big bonuses, huge rakeback, and a profitable VIP Club for its most loyal customers. So generous were its offerings that it's highly likely that Optimus ran afoul of network rules while attempting to compete for market share.
We've even heard that Optimus was providing illicitly high rakeback percentages secretly with the collaboration of certain affiliates. Whether for this reason or others, the site was shut down on May 8, 2013. Players were able to email network support and have their Optimus balances moved over to another Merge Network skin.
PKR was an innovative 3D poker room that was much hyped around the time of its launch in 2006. However, it was dealt a serious blow when the UIGEA passed the following year and in 2010 when France, one of its major markets, opted to regulate and kick out gray-market poker organizations. PKR hung on for a while but closed in May 2017.
Having been part of the MPN network since February 2016, there were hopes that the network would bail out the affected PKR players. However, they opted not to do so. The day was saved by competitor PokerStars, which agreed in July 2017 to honor the balances of approximately 60,000 PKR account holders.
A trailblazer in the internet gaming realm, Planet Poker was the first online poker site ever when it opened for real money play on Jan. 1, 1998. The only game offered at first was $3/$6 Limit Hold'em; NL games and tournaments were not present. Still, just a single game was more than what anyone else was offering at the time.
Planet soon became a second-tier poker room when Paradise Poker appeared in 1999 with a vastly superior product. Fervent efforts to catch up were plagued by delays and indifference on the part of the software developer. Planet kept losing market share to Paradise and other competitors until 2007 when it shut down, paying all users.
PokerMania was founded in 2013 when a group of poker friends decided to take their home game online. It grew slowly until it reached a point where it appealed to many outside the initial friend group. For a small site, it had a surprising amount of mid- and high-stakes action in non-Hold'em games, like 7 Card Stud and HORSE.
PokerMania closed in December 2017. The closure notice cited “recent changes in poker laws,” but outdated software, a sketchy agent model, player segregation by skill level, and the failed rollout of a new poker client all played a role. Players were paid their balances although it took more than a year in some cases.
The future seemed good for Poker Mountain when it launched in February 2005 with the power duo of Daniel “KidPoker” Negreanu and T.J. Cloutier as brand ambassadors. However, technical glitches, freezes, and errors made the site virtually unplayable, and this site was one of the very few to rake pots that ended preflop.
Before long, frustrated users started referring to the site as “Poo Mountain.” Negreanu severed his relationship with the room in June 2005. Poker Mountain struggled along until 2006 and then called it quits. All players were paid although in some cases, this took a while and was accomplished through inter-account transfers on other sites.
PokerHost was created in 2005 to be the poker division of major sportsbook SBGGlobal. It was known both for its extensive menu of cashier methods and its penchant for moving to and from multiple poker networks depending on where it felt the greener pastures lay. During all these changes, player balances were honored in full.
In July 2018, while PokerHost was on the Winning Poker Network, this game of musical chairs ended. The site announced that it was ceasing operations and urged its customers to find a new home at another WPN room. PokerHost expedited final withdrawals for its users, and everyone was paid out honestly and in full.
Poker Plex was launched by online bingo operator Bingo Entertainment Ltd in collaboration with the Cryptologic Poker Network in 2003. This network grew itself a medium-sized user base through a combination of lucrative bonuses and superb rakeback deals. However, the passage of the UIGEA in 2006 led to a decision to block U.S. customers.
Poker Plex abandoned the faltering Cryptologic Network in mid-2008, moving over to the iPoker Network. It changed its name to PokerPlex24 in late 2010 and continued to operate until mid-2018 when it evidently transformed into Italian ring-fenced poker room Plexbet.it. As far as we know, all players were paid.
PokerSpot was the brainchild of Russell Aaron “Dutch” Boyd who conceived of a poker site with multiple forms of poker, like Omaha and Stud, at a time when competitors were focused on Hold'em alone. The site launched in May 2000, but trouble started already in January 2001 when payment processors were late in crediting player deposits.
This led to a shortfall in account balances and payout delays. Rather than admitting that anything was wrong, Boyd instructed support personnel to concoct a variety of stories and excuses designed to mislead customers into thinking everything was OK. The gig was up in November 2001 when PokerSpot folded owing more than $400K.
First opening its doors in February 2008, Reefer Poker was a skin on the Merge Gaming Network centered around – you guessed it – marijuana. While it may seem like weed and poker have little in common, Reefer Poker was able to pretty convincingly marry the two concepts with a green-and-yellow color scheme and 420-focused promos.
Vaporizer giveaways on social media, tournaments for Reefer Poker gear, and a “Smoke the Competition” league were some of the highlights. All seemed well until April 2011 when the site went dark. It turns out that Reefer had been purchased by FeltStars, a fellow Merge skin, in December 2010, and player accounts were transferred.
This racing-themed skin on the Merge Gaming Network debuted in 2008, offering fun and player-friendly promotions along with rakeback rewards. Among the promos here were a King of the Road challenge enshrining those who completed a set of monthly goals in the RPM Poker Hall of Fame while consigning losers to the Wall of Shame.
In December 2012, RPM Poker closed without warning. Users were given the opportunity to transfer their balances to another Merge skin. It's unclear why RPM shut down so unexpectedly, but it's possible that its high rewards fell afoul of network rules, which were established to prevent skins from stealing customers from each other.
Bitcoin poker site Satoshi Poker appeared on the scene in April 2013, well before the current boom in BTC internet poker rooms. It was basically a one-man shop, headed by owner Bart van Oort, and he soon proved unwilling to devote more time and effort to this niche operation. Bart put the site up for auction in April 2014.
The winning bidder turned out to be BurnTurn.eu, a BTC poker room that was about to launch. Although there was a period of acrimony when van Oort and BurnTurn.eu accused each other of failing to protect player funds, all player balances were eventually paid out or transferred to the new BurnTurn.eu site
Swank Poker arrived on the scene around June 2008 with a unique theme: the world of adult entertainment. This room on the Everleaf Network let you spend your SWANK points on X-rated goodies, like visits to European brothels, a one-year supply of condoms, or a one-month VIP membership to the infamous Green Door Club in Las Vegas.
A trademark dispute meant that Swank had to rebrand as Red Cherry Poker in early 2009. It continued more or less as it was before for several more years. However, the insolvency of the Everleaf Network as a whole meant that Red Cherry Poker was unable to discharge its obligations to players when it folded in 2013.
Third Bullet Poker first debuted on the Yatahay Network sometime before April 2006, and it moved to the Cake Poker Network in 2008. Throughout its existence, it was known for innovative promos to reward successful players, like a “winner's bounty” whereby an extra 50% of an individuals profits, up to $300 per month, was paid as a bonus.
On Nov. 13, 2009, Third Bullet Poker was merged into the flagship site of the network, Cake Poker. According to an email send to users, the move meant that “you will have access to an increased technical and marketing support team” All balances were transferred over along with promotional gold chips and gold cards.
The brainchild of loudmouth poker player and entrepreneur Antanas “Tony G” Guoga, TonyBet launched in 2009 and became a respected non-US bookmaker and casino provider before adding online poker in December 2013. This unique cardroom focused primarily on Open Face Chinese and its variants although Hold'em and Omaha debuted in November 2015.
Betsson Group acquired TonyBet in September 2016. The new owners closed the poker room down without any prior announcement in July 2020. The reasons for doing so are not exactly known, but it's likely that Betsson elected not to invest more into poker given the modest traffic levels achieved. All player balances were honored.
Ultimate Bet opened up in 2001 and was definitely a beneficiary of the Moneymaker Boom, becoming one of the biggest online poker sites in the mid '00s. A superuser scandal in which WSOP bracelet winner Russ Hamilton masterminded a cheating ring to the tune of more than $22 million angered players when it was uncovered in 2008.
This didn’t' stop UB from merging with fellow cheating site Absolute Poker. The Cereus Poker Network, as the combined sites were called, continued accepting players from the USA and around the world until Black Friday when they were forced to stop. The room proved to be insolvent and disappeared, taking players' money with it.
When it opened for business in May 2003, Victoria's Poker thought that it had found a niche for itself: Mac poker. It was the first internet poker room to offer a dedicated Mac poker download. However, this Mac-compatible software had non-resizable tables, a laggy lobby, poor tournament table breaking and balancing algorithms, and many bugs.
The frustrating-to-use poker client limited traffic and meant that there were typically only a couple of low-stakes Limit Hold'em games running. Even hiring a prop team did little to help. Victoria's Poker finally called it quits in August 2005 although a message on the website implied that this closure was only temporary. Most players got paid.
In case you seek further info about failed poker sites, we have compiled below a short FAQ containing a lot of other details on this topic.
It's very rare for a closed internet poker room to later start up again. Usually, the brand becomes so tarnished or insignificant that there's little interest in restarting it under the same name.
A notable exception was Full Tilt Poker. Despite turning out to be a ponzi scheme, it and its software client had a ton of customers and fans. Therefore, after PokerStars acquired all the assets of the defunct company, it decided to relaunch Full Poker although on a more solid business foundation than it had operated under the first time around.
Poker sites that approach failure are generally doing something wrong that prevents them from recovering. That said, most of these entities are privately run organizations, so we don't really have much insight into which rooms, if any, are close to failure at any given time.
One poker site that appeared to be close to failure was Doyle's Room, which had been disowned by its founder, Doyle Brunson, and had its domain name seized in 2011. However, it was brought back to life as the new Americas Cardroom: a reincarnation of a beloved brand that had ceased to do business a while ago.
Unfortunately, there's often very little accountability for online poker room owners and managers who run their cardrooms into the ground. Even in cases of outright fraud, the principals of these firms often manage to escape unscathed although they're generally unable to find work in the same industry again.
This was not true of certain executives at corporations targeted by the Justice Department in the Black Friday crackdown who did have to face consequences. However, both honest and dishonest operators were charged with crimes on Black Friday, so this was not really an action against shady business practices but rather a shot fired across the bow of the entire online poker field.
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